122% 매출 성장과 55% 순이익 마진. 두 개의 다른 프로 스포츠에서 올스타로 지명된 것과 거의 비슷.
Nvidia is the Bo Jackson of the stock market
그 결과에 맥락을 부여해 보겠습니다.
벤처 캐피털 투자자에게 인기 있는 경험 법칙 중 하나는 브래드 펠드가 유명하게 만든 "40%의 법칙"입니다. 매출 성장과 이익 마진을 합하면 40%가 되어야 한다는 것입니다. 따라서 회사가 30% 성장한다면 최소 10%의 이익 마진을 내야 합니다. 전혀 성장하지 않는다면 적어도 상당한 수익성(40% 마진)을 내야 합니다. 이는 스타트업이 올바른 길을 가고 있는지, 성장과 수익성 간의 끝없는 상충 관계를 측정하는 데 유용한 경험 법칙입니다.
그렇다면 엔비디아는 이 지표에서 S&P 500 경쟁사와 어떻게 비교될까요? 놀랍지 않게도 이 규칙은 3조 달러 규모의 거대 기업이 아닌 스타트업을 위해 설계되었지만 매우 좋은 성과를 거두었습니다. 122% + 55% = 177%.
On that measure, 15 out of the 88 members of the Information Technology and Communication Services sectors of the S&P 500 meet that “Rule of 40%” threshold. Nvidia is head and shoulders above its peers.
Bo knows
But, simply adding two numbers together — while a really helpful rule of thumb that we can calculate quickly — somewhat distorts our search for companies that are exceptional on both growth and margins — i.e., a company can have one glaring weakness, but make up for it by the other metric.
Another drawback of simple addition is that, statistically speaking, the variance of revenue growth is generally wider than the variance in margins and the average margin is roughly double that of sales growth. Hence the addition formula tends to “over-reward” growth for really high growth companies, but “over-reward” margins in general.
To fix that, we can multiply the numbers together, instead of adding them. Let’s consider an example of two companies, one is growing at 35% a year with a 5% margin. So, it meets the “Rule of 40” (just). The other is growing just a tiny bit slower, but at double the margin! Under the addition rule, they score the same. By multiplying, Sweets Inc. scores much higher.
We’ll call this the Bo Jackson Index. These are the stocks that can play both games: growing fast and making bank. In short, it’s hard to score highly on the Bo Jackson Index if there’s too large a gap between the two variables. Here’s what it looks like for Nvidia and its peers in the S&P 500.
On this measure, of companies that are growing and making profits, the typical score is 83 (median). The average is 171. Apple scores 129, with ~5% growth and a ~26% margin. Microsoft manages an impressive 546. Meta ranks 10th with a score of 759, thanks to its healthy revenue growth of ~22% and margin of ~34%. Nvidia scores 6,737.
It’s gonna get harder
As Nvidia begins to lap harder and harder comparable quarters, that figure is undoubtedly going to come down. But, for now, it’s worth putting into context just how rare it is for any company to have added $16.5 billion in revenue in a year, while maintaining a profit margin north of 50%. It’s Bo Jackson levels of unprecedented, even if it doesn’t continue.
Note: Lots of Financials stocks are doing well on the Bo Jackson Index at this moment in time, riding a wave of higher interest rates.
Methodology:
Bo Jackson Index: Revenue growth multiplied by Net Profit Margin. Example: a company with 20% revenue growth and a 10% profit margin would score 200 on the BJI.
Revenue Growth: This is calculated as the latest quarterly revenue, relative to revenue from 4 quarters ago, per FactSet.
Net Profit Margin: This is calculated as Net Income over the last 4 quarters divided by revenue over the last 4 quarters. Net Income is before Extraordinary Items/Preferred Dividends minus Discontinued Operations, per FactSet.
The Bo Jackson Index is just one metric, and far from perfect in assessing whether a company is growing sustainably and profitably. It is strongly correlated with the simpler “Rule of 40”, but it is mathematically harder to score highly on the BJI with a large gap between growth and margins. This scatter below plots a completely made up sample of 300 “stocks”, with random growth rates [0-50%] and margins [0-50%] to illustrate.
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